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Sarah Orne Jewett
Sarah Orne Jewett (September 3, 1849 – June 24, 1909) was an American novelist, short story writer and poet, best known for her local color works set along or near the southern seacoast of Maine. Jewett is recognized as an important practitioner of American literary regionalism.〔(Aubrey E. Plourde ), ''A Woman's World: Sarah Orne Jewett's Regionalist Alternative'', scholarship.rollins.edu, Retrieved December 19, 2013. In his ''Sarah Orne Jewett'', F.O. Matthiessen wrote "The distinction and refinement of Sarah Jewett's prose came out of an America which, with its Tweed rings and grabbing Trusts, its blatantly moneyed New York and squalid frontier towns, seemed most lacking in just these qualities. They are essentially a feminine contribution, and the fact that they now appear more valuable than anything the men of her generation could produce is a symptom of what had happened to New England since the Civil War. The vigorous genius of the earlier golden day had left no sons. Emily Dickinson is the heir of Emerson's spirit, and Sarah Jewett the daughter of Hawthorne's style." (F.O. Matthiessen ), ''Sarah Orne Jewett'', public.coe.edu, Retrieved December 19, 2013〕
==Early life==
Jewett's family had been residents of New England for many generations, and Sarah Orne Jewett was born in South Berwick, Maine.〔Her mother's family, the Gilmans, were among the most prominent settlers of Exeter, New Hampshire.() Sarah's great-grandfather, James Orne, was descended from the Orne family of Dover, New Hampshire, who were among the first settlers of Dover. The Jewetts had emigrated from Yorkshire to Boston in 1638 and later founded Rowley, Massachusetts. From there they moved on to Portsmouth, New Hampshire just after the Revolutionary War.〕
Her father was a doctor, and Jewett often accompanied him on his rounds, becoming acquainted with the sights and sounds of her native land and its people.〔Richard Cary, ''Sarah Orne Jewett'' (New Haven, CT: Twayne, 1962), 21.〕 As treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, a condition that developed in early childhood, Jewett was sent on frequent walks and through them also developed a love of nature.〔For instance, one stroll she found "neighborly with the hop-toads and with a joyful robin who was sitting on a corner of the barn, and I became very intimate with a great poppy which had made every arrangement to bloom as soon as the sun came up." Fields, ed. ''Letters of Sarah Orne Jewett'', 45.〕 In later life, Jewett often visited Boston, where she was acquainted with many of the most influential literary figures of her day; but she always returned to South Berwick, small seaports near which were the inspiration for the towns of "Deephaven" and "Dunnet Landing" in her stories.〔(''The Country of the Pointed Firs'' ) at ''The Sarah Orne Jewett Text Project''.〕
Jewett was educated at Miss Olive Rayne's school and then at Berwick Academy, graduating in 1866.〔("Two Unidentified Newspaper Pieces on Olive Raynes" ) at ''The Sarah Orne Jewett Text Project''.〕 She supplemented her education through an extensive family library. Jewett was "never overtly religious," but after she joined the Episcopalian church in 1871, she explored less conventional religious ideas. For example, her friendship with Harvard law professor Theophilus Parsons stimulated an interest in the teachings of Emanuel Swedenborg, an eighteenth-century Swedish scientist and theologian, who believed that the Divine "was present in innumerable, joined forms — a concept underlying Jewett's belief in individual responsibility."〔Margaret A. Amstutz, "Jewett, Sarah Orne," (American National Biography Online ), February 2000; Rachel Smith Matzko, "(The Religious Attitudes of Sarah Orne Jewett ), M. A. thesis, Clemson University, 1979.〕
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